Archive for January, 2010

Idaho’s State in the Union

Friday, January 29th, 2010

“Next, we need to encourage American innovation. Last year, we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history - an investment that could lead to the world’s cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched. And no area is more ripe for such innovation than energy…

But to create more of these clean energy jobs, we need more production, more efficiency, more incentives. And that means building a new generation of safe, clean nuclear power plants in this country. It means making tough decisions about opening new offshore areas for oil and gas development. It means continued investment in advanced biofuels and clean coal technologies. And, yes, it means passing a comprehensive energy and climate bill with incentives that will finally make clean energy the profitable kind of energy in America…

I know there have been questions about whether we can afford such changes in a tough economy. I know that there are those who disagree with the overwhelming scientific evidence on climate change. But here’s the thing — even if you doubt the evidence, providing incentives for energy-efficiency and clean energy are the right thing to do for our future — because the nation that leads the clean energy economy will be the nation that leads the global economy. And America must be that nation.”

Photo by Doug Mills of the New York Times

These words were spoken by President Obama two nights ago during his State of the Union address. I found it a major step forward for American politics after eight years of neglecting scientific advancement. Thanks to the expansion of the budgets of the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health and the Department of Energy, many schools are making substantial progress in these areas.

The University of Idaho is no different.

Follow these links to learn about what Idaho is already doing to attack the problems the President mentioned in his speech.

An External Off Switch for Speeding Cars

Friday, January 29th, 2010

I came across this very cool story this morning while cruising my usual news channels. Just thought I’d share it.

Apparently, scientists are working on a hand-held version of this gigantic electromagnetic pulse generator that can completely shut off a car from quite a distance away. I imagine this would be an incredible weapon for stopping hostiles in the Middle East, speeding getaway cars on the highway and rogue “Death Mobiles” intent on destroying college parades.

Imaging Science as Art Part V

Thursday, January 28th, 2010

rostralf1aHere is the final photo from the series of images taken on devices now found in the University of Idaho’s Optical Imaging Center.

Here we have - yet again - muscle from a rat’s diaphragm. The yellow splotches are nerve terminals highlighted on the individual muscle fibers that have been stained green.

Once again, this image was taken in the laboratory of Mike Laskowski, emeritus faculty from WWAMI and former director of the INBRE program.

I hope you’ve enjoyed the pictures and now have a greater appreciation for just how closely science and art are related!

Carbon Neutrality

Wednesday, January 27th, 2010

Riddle me this: How long does it take a major university to reduce its carbon footprint from 38,981 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere down to a big fat goose egg?

According to the University of Idaho, about 20 years.

That’s the goal of the Climate Action Plan (CAP) announced today in a press release.

Curious how the university plans to hit its benchmarks along the way to carbon neutrality? I suggest reading the entire plan, but here’s a brief overview:

The plan states that current and recently completed emission reduction projects soon will reduce the university’s 2005 carbon footprint by 10 percent. These projects include:

  • HVAC upgrades to monitor energy use, shut systems down when not in use and only use as much energy as is needed at any given time
  • A woodchip storage drying facility for the steam plant and further uses of wood energy
  • Adopting new regulations for construction and renovations

A campus-wide energy project includes:

  • Connecting more buildings to the central steam and cooling system
  • Adding an additional wood-fired boiler to the steam plant
  • Concentrating classes after 5 pm into fewer buildings
  • Adding a position to ensure university space is best being utilized
  • Simply buying Energy Star equipment and turning things off when students and staff leave

In addition to these energy saving measures, the university is looking into renewable energy sources including adding a steam turbine generator to the steam plant heating facility.

According to the report, the university produces about 1,500 tons of waste per year, which it will seek to reduce by minimizing waste and increasing recycling projects including:

  • Increasing duplex printing
  • Standardizing office equipment
  • Education students, faculty and staff about reducing waste
  • Composting all food waste
  • Reducing the use of bottled water

The report also looks at Idaho’s animal and farm operations stating that, believe it or not, CO2 “emissions” will be reduced by a smaller herd of animals. Additionally, the university is looking into no till farming practices that increase the carbon sequestration of the land.

Finally, the report addresses transportation, citing statistics stating that 81 percent of the country’s transportation energy comes in the form of personal cars, 96 percent of which comes from oil. In 2007, the U of I released 6,455 metric tons of CO2 via commuting, the campus fleet and air travel, totaling 16 percent of the university’s total emissions.

To reduce this, the university plans to encourage alternative modes of transportation to campus because, after all, the chances of living more than a couple of miles away from campus is pretty slim. Some ideas on how to do this include:

  • Creating a University of Idaho Commuter Club offering special parking passes for carpools
  • Creating a “Carpool Finder”
  • Encouraging the use of public transit
  • Start a Staff Car Loaner program so those who choose to walk to work  can still respond to an emergency at home
  • Making the campus more friendly to bikers and walkers
  • Adding a “carbon fee” to parking passes and either not allowing or charging a premium for freshman passes
  • Making the university’s fleet more energy friendly
  • Purchase carbon offsets for air travel

Again, this is just a brief overview. I strongly encourage you to check out the document for yourself.

Imaging Science as Art Part IV

Wednesday, January 27th, 2010

This image is of single colonies of E. coli MG1655 - highlighted in fluorescent green - and a multi-drug resistant plasmid pB10 that is highlighted in red. The study of how these plasmids mutate and spread through bacteria colonies causing resistance to medicines is a major focus of the University of Idaho.71

This is an example of a 3-dimensional projection made on an Olympus Fluoview Confocal microscope. It was taken by Jarek Krol, a postdoctoral researcher in the laboratory of Professor Eva Top.

Again, these images are examples of the colorful and intriguing shots that can be taken at the new Optical Imaging Center at the University of Idaho.

From Iran to Idaho

Tuesday, January 26th, 2010

It’s not everyday that a love of fruit and agriculture takes one on a journey from Iran to Idaho, but that’s exactly what Idaho’s director of its fruit science program Esmaeil Fallahi did.

Esmaeil Fallahi

Esmaeil Fallahi

This is a fascinating story that I wish was fleshed out in more of a feature in the Lewiston Tribune article. Son of a high-ranking Iran official that was assassinated early in his life, Fallahi chose fruit science over medical school. His mother - nicknamed the Hitler of Education - ensured each of his brothers and sisters received the best education possible and now are either doctors or engineers.

After three years of medical school, Fallahi told his mother he was going into agriculture, and immediately ran.

But his mother need not worry. Fallahi has done so well for himself as a scientist of fruit production that former Governor Jim Risch designated Sept.13, 2006 as “Esmaeil Fallahi Day,” and received Governor Otter’s Award for Excellence in Agriculture-Innovation/Discovery and Marketing two years later.

Despite his success, Governor Otter’s budget cuts recently forced the University of Idaho to consider shutting down Fallahi’s work at the Parma Research and Extension Center. However, thanks to an agreement between fruit and table grape growers, a coalition of area farmers and J.R. Simplot Company, the center is remaining open through the fiscal year.

Imaging Science as Art Part III

Tuesday, January 26th, 2010

fscauBelieve it or not, you’re looking at a rat diaphragm.

This image was taken by someone in Mike Laskowski’s laboratory. Laskowski is retired faculty from the western state’s medical school conglomeration known as WWAMI and former director of the IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) program.

Though it may just look like a grouping of cool neon blobs, what you’re actually looking at is a cross section of a rat diaphragm muscle that has been labeled with two fluorescent probes. Each color indicates a different type of muscle fiber found within the muscle.

Again, this is another example of the type of image that is taken at the new Optical Imaging Center. Stay tuned for more cool science pictures.

Imaging Science as Art Part II

Thursday, January 21st, 2010

As I mentioned yesterday, this week I am highlighting several images taken with equipment found in the University of Idaho’s new Optical Imaging Center.

ingrids-color-histological-imageThis image shows the parasite Toxoplasma gondii growing in human fibroblast cells - the cells most common in human connective tissue. The parasite causes a disease known as toxoplasmosis that, while typically self limiting and fairly harmless, can cause the death of a human fetus if its mother is exposed.

The imaged was taken on a Nikon 80i microscope with a color digital camera by Ingrid Fruth, a recent Ph.D. graduate from Gustavo Arrizabalaga’s laboratory. Arrizabalaga is a professor in Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry (MMBB) and WWAMI, a consortium of western states with an agreement to send medical students to the University of Washington.

Imaging Science as Art

Wednesday, January 20th, 2010

I recently wrote a piece for mostly internal audiences regarding the formation of an Optical Imaging Center on campus. The short version reads that the Research Office is putting a bunch of expensive and rare microscopes together in one place. The goal is to give researchers who might otherwise not have the chance to use them access to the machines  and people who know how to use them.

In theory, this will stimulate collaboration and make both individual and equipment grants easier to procure through large federal funding sources.

Obviously, there are some politics involved when the university goes and aggregates a bunch of individual equipment, but these things are expensive to maintain and difficult to use.

Anyways, that’s not important. What IS important is the amazingly cool photos that one can take with some of this equipment.  So for the next few days, I’m going to be highlighting some cool microscopy slides. Enjoy!

dual-labeled-balemba-imageFirst up is a Myenteric ganglion from a mouse stomach. And in case you didn’t know - because I sure didn’t - myenteric means pertaining to the muscular lining of the intestines and a ganglion is a lump or non-cancerous cyst. Specifically, this is an image of a neuron in said myenteric ganglion.

It was taken using a process called immunohistochemistry. In this process, antibodies are dyed with a fluorescent marker so that when they attach themselves to viruses or bacteria, they can be seen under fluorescent lights.

(I think.)

The image was taken by Onesmo Balemba, assistant professor of biological science and director of the new Optical Imaging Center.

A Smarter Grid

Friday, January 15th, 2010

Today I want to focus on a cool bit of research news that came out from our friends across the border in Pullman late last year. I’d have gotten around to discussing it earlier, but I saved the information in a Word document that somehow disappeared in the clutter that is my desktop.

Anyways, it seems WSU is working with Avista - the biggest energy provider in the Northwest - on a demonstration project making Pullman the first smart grid community in the region. (Not that there’s many communities in the region to begin with!)

The idea is to use new combinations of devices, software and analytical tools that enhance the grid’s reliability and performance.

Funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the project will pump $38 million into Pullman. It will automate distribution and do it smartly, shrinking the grid’s potential during down times and raising it during peak times based on new algorithms and communication technologies.

Also, a key part of the project seems to be integrating WSU’s private power generators with those of Avista to ensure both systems are always stable and working together to create the most efficient system possible.

On a related note, I remember seeing something about how homes will someday be smarter with energy consumption during a visit to the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory located in the Tri-Cities of Washington. The demonstration featured washing machines, dryers, dish washers and other common household items that were smart enough to run only when energy prices were the cheapest - a.k.a. the middle of the night.

Combined with efforts like the Pullman project, perhaps we can stop wasting so much energy and make the whole thing more efficient.